Maximizing Your Laptop Battery's Life

Welcome to a laptop battery specialist
of the IBM Laptop Battery   First post by: www.best-battery-online.com

Like most technology these days, batteries - specifically laptop batteries - have a relatively short lifespan. However, not because their "options" have become obsolete, as is the case with many "gadgets" available in the marketplace, but rather, because they simply do not last. Generally speaking, manufacturers warranties for notebook batteries ranges from three to twelve months; a lithium ion laptop battery can last anywhere from two to four years. For any battery such as IBM 08K8193 Battery, IBM 08K8192 Battery, IBM 92P1101 Battery, IBM 92P1089 Battery, IBM 92P1087 Battery, IBM 08K8196 Battery, IBM 92P1102 Battery, IBM 92P1077 Battery, IBM 92P1073 Battery, IBM 08K8199 Battery, however, the correct use and proper storage of it can significantly extend its life. Some tips for the proper care of your laptop battery are listed below.

1. Check your "battery charge" settings on your laptop. Many of us, while using our laptop at home, have our settings so that we are "charging-while-working." Change this! When your laptop is plugged in, and you are working on it for hours, the battery is constantly charging; this will shorten your battery's life!

2. According to IBM, lithium batteries should be charged "early and often", verses allowing them to drain completely. For the purpose of battery wear, several "partial charge cycles" count as one full cycle charge; your battery should still have approximately 80% capacity after the equivalent of 500 full charge cycles;

3. In order to preserve your battery - particularly if you do not use your laptop often, it is a good idea to keep it charged up to 40%. (Never store a laptop battery that is fully charged! This will significantly reduce its lifespan.);

4. Proper storage of your battery is essential to lengthening its useful life. Wrap your battery with a clean cloth and store it in a place where it will remain undisturbed by light, heat or water. Although most batteries work just fine under tropical conditions, the heat also causes them to age prematurely. (It goes without saying that leaving your laptop in a hot, parked car does not help to extend its battery life, either!) Keeping your stored battery cool (optimum temperature: between 50-90°F) and dry is a must for battery preservation! (Some people even store their batteries in the refrigerator; that's up to you!);

5. While storing your battery for both protection and longevity is a good idea, there is such as thing as "overstoring" your battery! Whether or not it is in use, your laptop battery ages; (time stops for no one - or no thing!) So, DO use your battery at least once a month to "keep the electrons flowing!"

6. Additionally, once a month, allow your laptop battery to totally discharge; this will extend its lifespan. Once your battery is completely empty, charge it to an electric outlet;

Sadly, nothing lasts forever; including your laptop battery! But there are steps you can take to extend the useful life of your battery. Just remember, the two aging factors you must be most diligent about are the temperature (keep it cool) and the fully-charged battery.

How to Maximize the Lifespan of IBM Laptop Batteries

Welcome to a laptop battery specialist
of the IBM Laptop Battery   First post by: www.best-battery-online.com

It is no longer imperative to buy IBM laptop batteries from an original manufacturer at higher prices. If your original IBM laptop battery such as IBM 08K8193 Battery, IBM 08K8192 Battery, IBM 92P1101 Battery, IBM 92P1089 Battery, IBM 92P1087 Battery, IBM 08K8196 Battery, IBM 92P1102 Battery, IBM 92P1077 Battery, IBM 92P1073 Battery, IBM 08K8199 Battery has faulted, you can visit a retailer who provides you 100% new compatible batteries at lesser prices.

The average battery backup time is two to two-and-a-half hours. Extending this time limit is one of the many challenges that laptop users face. The life of laptop batteries also depends on the way it is used.

IBM Laptop Batteries: Recalibration

IBM laptop batteries generally have a long life. However, if the battery backup time goes down after some months or years of usage, recalibration is the best option. Recalibration of laptop batteries must preferably be done after every two months to maintain optimum performance.

The following are steps to recalibrate your laptop battery:

* Attach the battery to your laptop and plug in one end of the power adapter to the laptop and the other end to the electrical outlet.

* Ensure that the battery is charged completely.

* Plug off the adapter and use your laptop till the battery is empty

* Wait for your system to go into a sleep mode automatically due to low charge

* Plug in the power adapter and charge your laptop again.

IBM Laptop Batteries: How to Maximize Battery Life

The following are certain other ways of enhancing IBM laptop batteries' life:

* Decrease hard drive activity - Defragmenting the hard drive regularly optimizes the positioning of data on the drive, which facilitates quick search.

* Disable startup items - Startup items impinge on the memory when the system boots up. This causes open applications to spread into the virtual memory, adding to the CPU load.

* Avoid using external devices - USB and PC-Cards utilize the battery even when they are not in use. Hence, use EVDO or a USB mouse. Also, remove them whenever possible.

* Lower the brightness - Lowering screen resolution and color depth help decrease the workload, thus increasing the runtime.

* Single-tasking, instead of multi-tasking - Running several tasks simultaneously results in increased memory and CPU usage, which in turn increases battery consumption. Therefore, close applications that are not in use.

* Turn off unused devices - Disable Ethernet adapter and infrared transceiver because they eat into the power backup.

These tips can help you extend your battery life, but not make them work forever. To purchase new compatible laptop batteries at unbelievable, discount prices, visit http://www.best-battery-online.com. The company is a trusted provider of laptop batteries and power adapters at reduced prices, since the last 30 years.

Aging Process of the Laptop Battery

Aging Process of the Laptop Battery

As it’s known that the battery is going to aging as time goes by. The more times you charge and discharge your battery, the more quickly the battery ages. This is true. As I used to have my Sony Laptop Battery, every half a year I will give it a discharge as it’s really old now.

I operated like this, charging time current size basically can not be transferred, if a random charge, and then do not select the express charge mode, because the battery in use for some time after it became a little aging. And specific performance is the internal resistance become larger, when charging more than the crossing voltage raised fast, this will be charged control circuit easily so that they have charged full, capacity is intuitively “down” (actually that cannot have power into the battery ). The discharge current is as small as possible, the operation is the first deceleration in the CUP, the hard disk stops and the screen tunes are dark (or closed off), then is not to run any programs until the books automatically shut down, just so stressed that small current discharge is to prevent the books too early to detect the battery voltage is insufficient, because the relatively large internal resistance this time, when the discharge voltage drop across more than drop quickly, easily mistaken for the system voltage is not enough power is low. (In fact, there is no electrical discharge). This is from the experience of my Sony laptop battery such as Sony PCGA-BP1N battery, Sony PCGA-BP2NX battery, Sony PCGA-BP2NY battery, Sony PCGA-BP2R battery, Sony PCGA-BP2S battery, Sony PCGA-BP2T battery, Sony PCGA-BP2V battery, Sony PCGA-BP4V battery, Sony PCGA-BP71 battery, Sony VGP-BPL2 battery, Sony VGP-BPS2 battery.

As mentioned above you have a clear understanding of the aging process of the battery. This phenomenon is inevitable, because each section of the battery can not fully consistent with a long time. But this time the capacity of the batteries are not fully used on a battery charge / over discharge will not cause the battery pack monitoring circuit that is full of / release completed. Others are fully satisfied; although lithium batteries have no memory effect, but I think that is just a theoretical argument, in fact, there have been other lithium additives to increase capacity or reduce the internal resistance of the additive.

Then every half a year, you can refresh your battery, like the old sony Laptop Battery. Then it can work better.

Wholesale Laptop Battery – Three Types Need to Pay Attention

Nowadays, drosphip laptop accessories from China has become a common business, if you want to wholesale laptop battery, there’s a motto concluded during my daily work may helpful for you – “cheap not equal to inferior”. For some people, when hearing the price of the laptop batteries, they have the definite answer on the quality of the item. In the book of little prince, adults prefer to judge by the price. In fact, it is not true for most cases. Here will bring in two types of laptop batteries that has cheap price but still popular among the users.

Firstly, the laptop batteries for students’ laptop. The brand and the model are the key points, which is the case with students’ laptop. You should be cautious on the price as some are very cheap. In this case, you should think twice before you send out your money. For students, the requirement of the configuration is comparatively lower. There is another trick of some cunning salesmen. They sold refurbished one at an attractive price. Some products have serious defects like broken laptop adapters. Those problems are potential. For some domestic users, it is a wise option to pick this type. It is cheaper and sufficient on the performance.

Secondly, laptop batteries for kids’ laptop. Due to the less function and limited users (kids), no wonder it is so cheap. Otherwise, few people can afford it.

Besides the two types of Sony laptop battery such as Sony PCGA-BP1N battery, Sony PCGA-BP2NX battery, Sony PCGA-BP2NY battery, Sony PCGA-BP2R battery, Sony PCGA-BP2S battery, Sony PCGA-BP2T battery, Sony PCGA-BP2V battery, Sony PCGA-BP4V battery, Sony PCGA-BP71 battery, Sony VGP-BPL2 battery, Sony VGP-BPS2 battery, you will see that the second-hand battery is a nice choice. Unlike the refurbished product, second-hand laptop battery may be brand new or old. It depends on the former owner of the laptop. For some people, they want to try new model. Then the former laptop and its battery can’t be used any more. Chances like this been captured is really lucky. Some are at brand new situation, and the owner are in a hurry to get a new one.

If you have the oversight and abundant experience on the wholesale laptop battery , you will get the worth one. Low price doesn’t mean inferior quality.

Toyota developing magnesium batteries as lithium alternative

Toyota developing magnesium batteries as lithium alternative

Whether you're talking about cameras, phones or electric cars, lithium is the current battery of choice. Lithium can pack much more energy than the nickel-metal hydride cells hiding in the boot of a Toyota Prius, but that doesn't mean that the rare earth metal represents the zenith of battery technology.

Bloomberg reports that scientists and engineers at Toyota's Ann Arbor, Michigan technical center are on the lookout for the next big thing in batteries shch as Dell Inspiron 3700 battery, Dell Precision M40 battery, Dell Precision M50 battery,dell Inspiron 700m battery, dell Inspiron 710m battery, dell F5136 battery, dell 312-0306 battery, dell 312-0305 battery,dell D5561 battery, and the automaker thinks it may be on to something. Lithium's possible replacement is composed of magnesium and sulfur, and Toyota engineering manager Jeffrey Makarewicz reportedly feels the batteries can be ready as soon as the year 2020.

The problem with lithium, according to Makarewicz, is that it can only optimally hold about 2,000 kilowatt-hours of energy. That's apparently not enough spark to consistently power the plug-ins and EVs of the future. We're guessing Makarewicz is alluding to the fact that electric cars like the Chevrolet Volt and Nissan Leaf only have enough juice to venture 35 to 100 miles on a single charge, while even the most inefficient gasoline mills can travel hundreds of miles

So, will magnesium one day surpass lithium as the battery guts of the future? We have no idea, but we apparently have about a decade of patient waiting before we can find out.

cheaper electric car batteries

cheaper electric car batteries

In his state of the union address yesterday, President Obama called for the U.S. to be the first country to put one million electric cars on the roads by 2015. While there’s great interest in electric cars, mass adoption is still hobbled by availability, battery prices and consumer concerns about range limitations.

Today, GM announced it had invested $7 million in Envia Systems, a Newark, Calif.-based maker of lithium-ion cathode technology that it says can increase energy density of battery cells by one-third and for less money. Envia says it uses cathode materials that store more energy per unit of mass than current cathode materials, meaning less of it can be used, yielding a cheaper battery. GM also licensed Envia’s advanced cathode material for use in future GM electric cars.

The company’s venture capital arm led a $17 million round of fundraising for Envia with investors that included Asahi Kasei and Asahi Glass; and current investors Bay Partners, Redpoint and Pangaea Ventures.

“Skeptics have suggested it would probably be many years before lithium-ion batteries shch as dell Inspiron 4100 battery, dell Inspiron 2500 battery, dell Latitude CPX battery, dell Latitude C600 battery, dell Latitude C610 battery, dell Latitude C640 battery, dell 1691P battery, dell 75UYF battery, dell 5081P battery,
with significantly lower cost and higher capability are available, potentially limiting sales of electric vehicles for the foreseeable future,” said Jon Lauckner, president of GM Ventures in a statement. “In fact, our announcement today demonstrates that major improvements are already on the horizon.”

Mass-produced electric cars kicked off in December with the all-electric Nissan Leaf, which goes about 100 miles on a fully charged battery and is the first all-electric car widely available by a major automaker. The Volt also went on sale last month; it’s a range extender that goes 25 to 50 miles on battery, then switches to gas. The Ford Focus Electric and an all-electric sedan by startup Coda are slated to go on sale later this year.

battery history

battery history

If you have access to zinc sulfate and copper sulfate, you can try making your own Daniell cell. In the next section, we'll show you how to do it.

The first battery was created by Alessandro Volta in 1800. To create his battery shch as laptop battery, battery online, dell laptop battery, dell Inspiron E1705 battery, dell Inspiron 6000 battery(dell 6000 battery), dell Inspiron 9300 battery, dell Inspiron 9400 battery, dell 310-6321 battery, he made a stack by alternating layers of zinc, blotting paper soaked in salt water, and silver. This arrangement was known as a voltaic pile. The top and bottom layers of the pile must be different metals. If you attach a wire to the top and bottom of the pile, you can measure a voltage and a current from the pile. The pile can be stacked as high as you like, and each layer will increase the voltage by a fixed amount.

In the 1800s, before the invention of the electrical generator (the generator was not invented and perfected until the 1870s), the Daniell cell was extremely common for operating telegraphs and doorbells. The Daniell cell is also known by three other names:

?Crowfoot cell (because of the typical shape of the zinc electrode)

?Gravity cell (because gravity keeps the two sulfates separated)

?Wet cell (because it uses liquids for the electrolytes, as opposed to the modern dry cell)

The Daniell CellThe Daniell cell is a wet cell consisting of copper and zinc plates and copper and zinc sulfates. To make the Daniell cell, the copper plate is placed at the bottom of a glass jar. Copper sulfate solution is poured over the plate to half-fill the jar. Then a zinc plate is hung in the jar and a zinc sulfate solution is poured very carefully into the jar. Copper sulfate is denser than zinc sulfate, so the zinc sulfate "floats" on top of the copper sulfate. Obviously, this arrangement does not work very well in a flashlight, but it works fine for stationary applications.

Battery for Laptops

Battery for Laptops

Boston-Power says that it's poised to enter the market for portable power, with a notebook battery the company claims is safer, lasts longer, and can be charged faster. The Westborough, MA, startup recently announced that it is more than tripling production of its high-performance battery, called the Sonata, after receiving $45 million in a third round of venture financing. The move puts the company in a position to mass-produce and commercialize its next-generation lithium-ion battery within months.

"In partnership with GP Batteries such as Apple A1175 Battery, Apple A1185 Battery, Apple M9324 Battery, Apple M8403 Battery, Apple M7318 Battery, apple PowerBook G3 Battery, Apple PowerBook G4 Battery, Apple PowerBook G4 15 inch Battery, Apple A1012 Battery, Apple M8511 Battery, Apple M8244 Battery, Apple A1079 Battery, Apple A1078 Battery, Apple A1148 Battery and Apple M6091 Battery, one of Asia's largest battery manufacturers, we now have our second factory up and running in the greater China region," says Christina Lampe-Onnerud, the company's founder and CEO. In 2002, Technology Review named Lampe-Onnerud one of its top innovators under the age of 35 for her efforts to develop better-performing lithium-ion batteries with less volatile substances. Based on that research, she founded Boston-Power in 2005. Now, after raising $68 million in total, she says that her company will be able to manufacture a million battery cells per month by the end of 2008.

Oak Investment Partners, based in Westport, CT, provided this latest infusion of capital, building upon earlier investments by Venrock Associates, Granite Global Ventures, and Gabriel Venture Partners.

Although the Sonata will not offer greater energy capacity per use--with a four-hour run time, its performance will be average for the market--the company hopes that the battery's three-year life span, innovative safeguards, and ability to recharge quickly will help it gain a foothold in the battery market. As opposed to existing notebook batteries, which can take an hour to recharge to 80 percent capacity, the Sonata can reach that same level in just 30 minutes, according to Boston-Power. And whereas current batteries degrade very quickly, permanently losing up to 50 percent of their capacity within months, the Sonata retains up to 80 percent of its capacity over three years. In fact, since the typical laptop battery tends to degrade very rapidly, the Sonata will have a greater per-use capacity in the long run.

To make the cell retain its capacity over its lifetime, Boston-Power found it necessary to change the current lithium-ion design. The company identified a combination of new chemistry mixtures and electrode compositions, and it created a new shape--all of which enables a consistent performance over the cell's lifetime. The different shape made it possible for the company to increase the volume of the cell and more efficiently use the space within a battery pack, allowing it to reach energy-storage levels competitive with current conventional batteries.

In the past, it has been very difficult to make lithium-ion cells larger, since a larger energy density creates a potential for greater catastrophic malfunctioning. Conventional lithium-ion batteries use cobalt oxides, but the substance has been partly responsible for some of the more dramatic laptop explosions in recent years. So instead of using cobalt, which also tends to degrade quickly, the company incorporated manganese. Boston-Power isn't the only company using manganese; other companies, such as Compact Power, are also trying to take advantage of its stability. Boston-Power is incorporating the element into a larger than average cell.

The company has also made the battery safer by separating several conventional safety measures and by inventing new ones. In existing notebook batteries, the current interrupt device and the thermal fuse are packaged on top of each other in the cell's lid. But by separating these elements from each other, the company has built an extra layer of redundancy into the system. These elements are able to control and cut off the current flow, should the battery begin to overcharge. The company has also devised a new ventilation system to alleviate the pressure and heat before they build to catastrophic levels. With aluminum in its canister, rather than carbon steel or nickel, as is common, the Sonata's shell softens much sooner at high temperatures and then self-destructs with a hiss. More-durable elements like carbon steel, which melts at even higher temperatures than aluminum, exacerbate explosions by letting extraordinary pressure and heat build inside the cell until its breaking point. (This is why conventional laptops emit loud booming cracks when they burn.)

"There is a lot of progress being made in battery technology with different chemistries," says Robert Kanode, president and CEO of Valence Technology, an Austin, TX, startup that manufactures phosphate lithium-ion batteries. His company is a competitor with Boston-Power, but Kanode adds, "We know we will not be standing alone: this will be a huge market with many viable players in it."

Lampe-Onnerud says that Boston-Power is in discussions with most of the world's top-tier notebook makers, including Hewlett-Packard, which over the past two years has worked closely with the company, helping it design battery packs that can be dropped into existing notebooks.

"The Sonata opens up a whole new business model for notebook manufacturers that hasn't been available in the past," says Ifty Ahmed, a general partner with Oak Investment Partners, who worked on the deal. Although notebook makers can presently offer a three-year warranty for a computer, they can't make the same offer on a battery, a component that can cost about 10 percent of a laptop's total value. "The market for warranties is extremely profitable," Ahmed says. "So if you can sell a warranty on the battery for three years, you have a very exciting idea."

Boston-Power says that it is focused on commercializing the Sonata, but it also believes that its patented safety features could eventually be used in lithium-ion batteries for smaller consumer-electronics devices as well as for hybrid electric vehicles.

Lithium-Ion Batteries That Don't Explode

A new polymer material could prevent the type of battery explosions that led to last year's massive recalls of lithium-ion laptop batteries. (See "Safer Lithium-Ion Batteries.") By making such batteries safer, the new material could help clear the way for the widespread use of lithium-ion batteries in hybrid and electric vehicles.

Lithium-ion batteries are used in laptops because they're small and light compared with the alternatives. In cars they could replace the nickel metal hydride batteries used in hybrids now, saving room and improving fuel economy by reducing weight. But so far they haven't been used extensively in cars, in part because of safety concerns. (See "Are Lithium-Ion Electric Cars Safe?")

The batteries such as Compaq Presario 2100 battery, Compaq Presario 2500 battery, Compaq Presario NX9010 battery, Compaq Presario NX9000 battery, Compaq PP2100 battery, Compaq Presario R3000 battery, Compaq Presario 700 Battery, Compaq Presario 900 Battery, Compaq EVO N620C Battery, Compaq Presario 1200 Battery, Compaq Evo N1000C battery and Compaq Evo N115 battery can explode and burst into flame when they overheat--a result of overcharging or of the electrodes inside the battery coming into contact, causing an electrical short. While a laptop fire can be dangerous, batteries for such devices only involve a few cells. A fire caused by thousands of cells in a battery pack for cars could be much worse.

Last year, millions of laptops were recalled by such major companies as Apple and Dell because metal particles were accidentally incorporated into battery cells during manufacturing. In rare cases, these particles could penetrate a plastic sheet called a separator that ordinarily prevents the positive and negative electrodes within a cell from touching. Such an event can generate heat, which can cause the separator to break down further, resulting in more shorting and more heating. At high enough temperatures, the electrode materials decompose, releasing oxygen and leading to more-rapid heating and, ultimately, an explosion and fire.

Researchers at Tonen Chemical, an affiliate of ExxonMobil Chemical based in Tokyo, Japan, have developed a new separator that plays an active role in keeping batteries from overheating. The material could make it possible to slow the reactions, allowing the battery to cool off rather than bursting into flame, says Peter Roth, program manager for advanced technology development at Sandia National Laboratories, in Albuquerque, NM. Sandia is now testing the safety features of the new separator.

Separators are electrically insulating materials that have been engineered to have pores that allow lithium ions to shuttle back and forth between a battery's electrodes while the battery is being charged and discharged. A new generation of separators are designed to soften when they reach a certain temperature, about 130 ºC. That closes the pores, shutting off the current flow. In some cases, this will stop the overheating. But if the temperature continues to rise in the cell, these materials melt completely, breaking down and causing massive electrical shorts that can accelerate heating. If the cell tops 180 ºC, the electrode materials can decompose, releasing oxygen that allows the battery's electrolyte to catch fire and the battery to explode.

Unlike these separators, which break down at a little above 150 ºC, the new Tonen material stays intact up to 190 ºC. By preventing massive electrical shorting, the new separator could prevent the accelerated heating that leads to explosions, Roth says.

The performance of the separator is due to the fact that it incorporates more than one polymer: one that softens at 130 ºC to shut down current, and another to keep the separator intact to prevent shorting. Since the material can be made by modifying existing manufacturing equipment, it could quickly be available in large amounts, according to Koichi Kono, Tonen's R&D manager. "Commercially, we are ready," he says.

Other companies have developed alternative approaches to making lithium-ion batteries safer, including using different electrode materials or nonflammable electrolytes, or adding a thin layer of ceramic material to keep the electrodes separated. While the ceramics can survive very high temperatures, questions remain about how well they can be incorporated into manufacturing processes and whether they will be too expensive, Roth says. "The goal is to have batteries that fail gracefully rather than explosively."

Solar Power

Solar power has long provided the near-constant power generation needed to run satellite transmitters, some of them decades old by now. And some day solar power will drive the robotic arms of Mars landers.

But the electricity it generates must be stored onboard in rechargeable batteries. Researchers say that making these batteries denser, thinner and lighter can translate into spacecraft that fly farther and faster, are smaller and less expensive, and can carry space-based lasers.

So it's not surprising that the U.S. government spends a lot of money researching and developing batteries such as IBM ThinkPad T40 Battery, IBM ThinkPad T41 Battery, IBM ThinkPad T42 Battery, IBM ThinkPad T43 Battery, IBM ThinkPad R50 Battery, IBM ThinkPad R51 Battery, IBM ThinkPad R40 Battery, IBM ThinkPad R32 Battery, IBM ThinkPad R60 Battery, IBM ThinkPad T60 Battery, IBM ThinkPad Z60t Battery and IBM ThinkPad Z61t Battery. Much of the research focuses on lithium-ion polymer, a solid or gelatinous electrolyte critical to the chemical reaction that creates electricity. Lithium polymer, as it's usually called, tops good battery performance with a high degree of malleability-which may allow it to be integrated into solar panels and other useful locations.

Proponents note that lithium polymer has proved safer than its sometimes-volatile predecessor, liquid lithium ion, and is now showing up in cell phones. Lithium polymer also has three times the energy density of the nickel cadmium (NiCad) rechargeables now ubiquitous in notebook computers, cell phones and toys.

The solid electrolyte's malleability particularly intrigues people in the space and defense communities. "You can put it in small places or wrap it around things," says Sheila Bailey, an expert in photovoltaics at the NASA Glenn Research Center in Cleveland.

Photovoltaic Finish

Bailey is the technical monitor for a $64,614 research grant awarded in July to Lithium Power Technologies of Manvel, TX, by the Ballistic Missile Defense Organization. (BMDO is the Arlington, VA-based group overseeing the Bush administration's "Star Wars" missile defense program.)

Lithium Power will attempt to build a hybrid that combines thin-film lithium polymer with existing photovoltaic technology.

The combination could be shaped to form the main structural panels of spacecraft, saving space and allowing lighter weight or more power, claims Lithium Power president Zafar Munshi. BMDO is interested because of the potential to build lightweight micro- and nano-satellites, a key component in future versions of the missile defense system.

Eventually, cars might have similar surfaces generating power for their electrical systems (though not electric motors), Munshi says.

The first phase of the project aims at proving the feasibility of combining solar technology with thin-film polymers. "We're going to be building some hardware to demonstrate the basic concept," Munshi says. If the second phase is funded, commercial products, such as global positioning system (GPS) devices with roll-up solar cells that provide power in remote areas, could arrive within two years, Bailey predicts.

Jeff Bond, program manager with the BMDO's small business innovation research group, cautions that combining thin-film batteries with existing photovoltaics is no easy task. "What Lithium Power is proposing in this phase is extremely high risk," he says. "We're looking to fund the wild ideas, if you will. We don't have any specific requirement right now to use the technology."

The main hurdles, Bailey says, are improving the energy efficiency of thin-film photovoltaic cells and lithium polymer batteries, reducing heat and developing the needed systems for power management and transmission. Building batteries that are more resistant to cold is another challenge.

Lithium-Ion Batteries for Less

Lithium-Ion Batteries for Less

A new way to make advanced lithium-ion battery materials addresses one of their chief remaining problems: cost. Arumugam Manthiram, a professor of materials engineering at the University of Texas at Austin, has demonstrated that a microwave-based method for making lithium iron phosphate takes less time and uses lower temperatures than conventional methods, which could translate into lower costs.

Lithium iron phosphate is an alternative to the lithium cobalt oxide used in most lithium-ion batteries in laptop computers. It promises to be much cheaper because it uses iron rather than the much more expensive metal cobalt. Although it stores less energy than some other lithium-ion materials, lithium iron phosphate is safer and can be made in ways that allow the material to deliver large bursts of power, properties that make it particularly useful in hybrid vehicles.

Indeed, lithium iron phosphate has become one of the hottest new battery materials. For example, A123 Systems, a startup based in Watertown, MA, that has developed one form of the material, has raised more than $148 million and commercialized batteries for rechargeable power tools that can outperform conventional plug-in tools. The material is also one of the types being tested for a new electric car from General Motors.

But it has proved difficult and expensive to manufacture lithium iron phosphate batteries, which cuts into potential cost savings over more conventional lithium-ion batteries. Typically, the materials are made in a process that takes hours and requires temperatures as high as 700 °C.

Manthiram's method involves mixing commercially available chemicals--lithium hydroxide, iron acetate, and phosphoric acid--in a solvent, and then subjecting this mixture to microwaves for five minutes, which heats the chemicals to about 300 °C. The process forms rod-shaped particles of lithium iron phosphate. The highest-performing particles are about 100 nanometers long and 25 nanometers wide. The small size is needed to allow lithium ions to move quickly in and out of the particles during charging and discharging of the battery such as Toshiba PA3107U-1BRS Battery, Toshiba PA3285U-1BRS Battery, Toshiba PA3191U-1BRS Battery, Toshiba PA3591U-1BRS Battery, Toshiba Satellite A10 Battery, Toshiba Satellite A100 Battery, Toshiba Satellite A70 Battery, Toshiba Satellite A75 Battery, Toshiba Tecra 9100 Battery, Toshiba Satellite 1900 Battery, Toshiba Satellite 2100 Battery.

To improve the performance of these materials, Manthiram coated the particles with an electrically conductive polymer, which was itself treated with small amounts of a type of sulfonic acid. The coated nanoparticles were then incorporated into a small battery cell for testing. At slow rates of discharge, the materials showed an impressive capacity: at 166 milliamp hours per gram, the materials came close to the theoretical capacity of lithium iron phosphate, which is 170 milliamp hours per gram. This capacity dropped off quickly at higher discharge rates in initial tests. But Manthiram says that the new versions of the material have shown better performance.

It's still too early to say how much the new approach will reduce costs in the manufacturing of lithium iron phosphate batteries. The method's low temperatures can reduce energy demands, and the fact that it is fast can lead to higher production from the same amount of equipment--both of which can make manufacturing more economical. But the cost of the conductive polymer and manufacturing equipment also needs to be figured in, and the process must be demonstrated at large scales. The process will also need to compete with other promising experimental manufacturing methods, says Stanley Whittingham, a professor of chemistry, materials science, and engineering at the State University of New York, at Binghamton.

Manthiram has recently published advances for two other types of lithium-ion battery materials and is working with ActaCell, a startup based in Austin, TX, to commercialize the technology developed in his lab. The company, which last week announced that it has raised $5.58 million in venture funding, has already licensed some of Manthiram's technology, but it will not say which technology until next year.

High-Energy Batteries

High-Energy Batteries

A Swiss company says it has developed rechargeable zinc-air batteries that can store three times the energy of lithium ion batteries, by volume, while costing only half as much. ReVolt, of Staefa, Switzerland, plans to sell small "button cell" batteries for hearing aids starting next year and to incorporate its technology into ever larger batteries, introducing cell-phone and electric bicycle batteries in the next few years. It is also starting to develop large-format batteries for electric vehicles.

The battery design is based on technology developed at SINTEF, a research institute in Trondheim, Norway. ReVolt was founded to bring it to market and so far has raised 24 million euros in investment. James McDougall, the company's CEO, says that the technology overcomes the main problem with zinc-air rechargeable batteries--that they typically stop working after relatively few charges. If the technology can be scaled up, zinc-air batteries could make electric vehicles more practical by lowering their costs and increasing their range.

Unlike conventional Sony laptop battery such as Sony PCGA-BP1N battery, Sony PCGA-BP2NX battery, Sony PCGA-BP2NY battery, Sony PCGA-BP2R battery, Sony PCGA-BP2S battery, Sony PCGA-BP2T battery, Sony PCGA-BP2V battery, Sony PCGA-BP4V battery, Sony PCGA-BP71 battery, Sony VGP-BPL2 battery, Sony VGP-BPS2 battery, Sony VGP-BPS3 battery and Sony VGP-BPS5 battery, , which contain all the reactants needed to generate electricity, zinc-air batteries rely on oxygen from the atmosphere to generate current. In the late 1980s they were considered one of the most promising battery technologies because of their high theoretical energy-storage capacity, says Gary Henriksen, manager of the electrochemical energy storage department at Argonne National Laboratory in Illinois. The battery chemistry is also relatively safe because it doesn't require volatile materials, so zinc-air batteries are not prone to catching fire like lithium-ion batteries.

Because of these advantages, nonrechargeable zinc-air batteries have long been on the market. But making them rechargeable has been a challenge. Inside the battery, a porous "air" electrode draws in oxygen and, with the help of catalysts at the interface between the air and a water-based electrolyte, reduces it to form hydroxyl ions. These travel through an electrolyte to the zinc electrode, where the zinc is oxidized--a reaction that releases electrons to generate a current. For recharging, the process is reversed: zinc oxide is converted back to zinc and oxygen is released at the air electrode. But after repeated charge and discharge cycles, the air electrode can become deactivated, slowing or stopping the oxygen reactions. This can be due, for example, to the liquid electrolyte being gradually pulled too far into the pores, Henriksen says. The battery can also fail if it dries out or if zinc builds up unevenly, forming branch-like structures that create a short circuit between the electrodes.

ReVolt says it has developed methods for controlling the shape of the zinc electrode (by using certain gelling and binding agents) and for managing the humidity within the cell. It has also tested a new air electrode that has a combination of carefully dispersed catalysts for improving the reduction of oxygen from the air during discharge and for boosting the production of oxygen during charging. Prototypes have operated well for over one hundred cycles, and the company's first products are expected to be useful for a couple of hundred cycles. McDougall hopes to increase this to between 300 and 500 cycles, which will make them useful for mobile phones and electric bicycles.

For electric vehicles, ReVolt is developing a novel battery structure that resembles that of a fuel cell. Its first batteries use two flat electrodes, which are comparable in size. In the new batteries, one electrode will be a liquid--a zinc slurry. The air electrodes will be in the form of tubes. To generate electricity, the zinc slurry, which is stored in one compartment in the battery, is pumped through the tubes where it's oxidized, forming zinc oxide and releasing electrons. The zinc oxide then accumulates in another compartment in the battery. During recharging, the zinc oxide flows back through the air electrode, where it releases the oxygen, forming zinc again.

In the company's planned vehicle battery, the amount of zinc slurry can be much greater than the amount of material in the air electrode, increasing energy density. Indeed, the system would be like a fuel-cell system or a conventional engine, in that the zinc slurry would essentially act as a fuel--pumping through the air electrode like the hydrogen in a fuel cell or the gasoline in a combustion engine. McDougall says the batteries could also last longer--from 2,000 to 10,000 cycles. And, if one part fails--such as the air electrode--it could be replaced, eliminating the need to buy a whole new battery.

As with fuel cells, this system may need to be paired with another type of battery for bursts of acceleration or to capture energy from processes such as braking. Also, Henriksen notes that other experimental zinc-air batteries have already achieved 200 cycles.

Commercial success of the more conventional flat design could depend on other factors, such as whether the new batteries deliver energy at higher rates than other experimental zinc-air batteries, as the company claims, and whether the goals for higher cycle numbers can be met. The new tube-based design is still years away from production.

New Charging Method of Battery

One of the biggest problems with batteries is the time it takes to recharge them. Run out of juice and it'll be several hours before you're mobile again, a particular showstopper for electric vehicles.

Today, Ibrahim Abou Hamad at Mississippi State University and few buddies reveal an entirely new technique for charging lithium ion batteries that could lead to exponential improvements in charging time.

The business end of a lithium battery such as Hp Pavilion ZT1100 battery, Hp Omnibook XT1000 battery, Hp Omnibook XT1500 battery, Hp Omnibook XE battery, Hp Omnibook XE3 battery, Hp Pavilion DV1000 battery, Hp Pavilion DV4000 battery, Hp Pavilion dv2000 battery, Hp pavilion dv6000 battery, Hp Pavilion dv8000 battery, Hp Pavilion dv9000 battery, the anode, consists of a graphite electrode, in other words a stack of graphene sheets, bathed in an electrolyte of ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate molecules through which lithium and hexafluorophosphate ions diffuse. During charging, an electric field pushes the lithium ions towards and into the graphene sheets, where they have to cross a potential barrier to become embedded and stored, a process called intercalation.

The Mississippi team have studied the movement of these ions and molecules by creating a computer model of the forces acting on them. Their model consists of 160 carbon atoms arranged in 4 graphene sheets, 69 propylene carbonate and 87 ethylene carbonate molecules forming a liquid electrolyte and finally, two hexafluorophosphate ions and10 lithium ions. They then apply an electric field across this system and watch what happens.

It turns out that while the electric field pushes the lithium ions towards the graphene, the rate limiting step is the process of intercalation--the rate at which the lithium ions can cross the potential barrier into the graphene .

What Hamad and co have found is a relatively simple way to overcome this barrier. The trick is to superimpose an oscillating electric field onto the charging field. This has the effect of helping the lithium ions to hop over the barrier.

But get this: the team says there is an exponential relationship between the intercalation time and the oscillating field amplitude. So a small increase in amplitude of the field leads to a massive speed up of the process of intercalation.

"These simulations suggest a new charging method that has the potential to deliver much shorter charging times, as well as the possibility of providing higher power densities," they say.

That's a neat piece of work which should be relatively straightforward to test in a real battery.

That doesn't mean that we'll see a ten minute charging time for electric vehicles any time soon.

Battery performance is a complicated balance between huge numbers of competing factors. If this oscillating field does improve charging time in real batteries, manufacturers will then have to check its effect on other performance metrics such as the number of these charging cycles a battery can withstand and how long it holds its charge, to name just two.

Nevertheless, these Mississippi guys have come up with an interesting new approach that will have more than peaked the interest of battery makers around the globe.

Battery testing

Battery testing

In recent years, the global battery recall popular concern, and it causes the international market for the battery increased importance of security. With the market authorities on national control of cell products to increase, manufacturers of household batteries are facing the challenge of improving the quality of the product.

2010 The 9th China International Battery Seminar / Exhibition (CIBF) in June 24-26 in Shenzhen Convention and Exhibition Centre. The exhibition is organized by the chemical and physical strength, the battery industry, international regular, is also the battery industry in China, the registration of the mark by the first Conference and international exposure from 50 countries and regions, nearly one thousand guests came to see. Exhibition, the global authority of the certifying body TÜV SÜD test its 144 years of professional services to bring Chinese battery makers to help them improve product quality to ensure exportation of their products sweetness. TÜV SÜD is where the booth: 1E161-162.

Battery safety related to people's everyday lives in real security if the public about the safety of the batteries were asked about the effects not only the battery industry battery industry, the industry would be around affected. To reduce the risk of battery products, build the security fence. International buyers battery current international markets, the main concern is the battery of safety standards, especially European standards IEC/EN62133, IEC/EN61982, etc., followed by the performance IEC/EN61951-1/2 standard IEC/EN61960, transportation safety standards according to the battery Directive 2006/66/EC IEC/EN62281 and chemical analysis is often on the procurement needs of buyers batteries.

TÜV SÜD join the CA, create shareholder value "from the service commitment to provide complete battery test and certification services (as CBscheme, TÜVSÜDBauartMark CTIA and certification) to ensure quality battery can meet international standards. to test the Group's products include portable rechargeable batteries, laptop battery such as dell Inspiron E1705 battery, dell Inspiron 6000 battery, Dell Precision M40 battery, Dell Precision M50 battery, dell 6T473 battery, dell Latitude D820 battery, dell Latitude D830 battery, dell MM165 battery, Dell Precision M60 battery, dell Inspiron 6400 battery, dell Inspiron E1505 battery and dell Inspiron 1501 battery. Battery testing services are environmental testing (simulated altitude test the temperature cycle, thermal abuse test), mechanical testing (vibration, mechanical shock, free fall, extrusion), the test Electric (battery capacity, over discharge, overload, short circuit testing, mandatory discharge), EMC testing. Battery-Zhi Zao providers, Qi Ye and international buyers Jiejue partner certification cooperation problem, TÜV Nande groups itself through Ti Gong Ji Shu and localized professional services to assist manufacturers of batteries and Chinese companies Jinru market structures The International A Kuaisuyouxiao deck.

As a leader in the industry, TÜV SÜD also the first performance test of the battery pack with CB qualified laboratory, the first laboratory internal audit of secondary batteries trained security card, and also the country of his choice with CTIA (IEEE1725 certification body). BC as a laboratory battery, TÜV SÜD experts team can provide companies export battery CB report and location-based certificates, flexible and efficient one-stop border certification services for clients within easy access pass to enter multi-country market. Programs battery manufacturers to export widely distributed across the European Union, the United States CTIA, Russia GOST, KC South Korea, Japan, PSE, TISI Thailand and many other national certifications to maximize the test to avoid duplication, saving time and cost of certification tests, and explore future market lay a solid foundation.

TÜV SÜD Group, said: "The director in 2010, the 9th China International Battery Seminar / Exhibition, hoping to help manufacturers of household batteries for more information on safety tests of the battery and certification information to provide more security and better battery protection, so users can feel more comfortable using batteries. In the meantime, we are committed to helping Canadian manufacturers for international buyers' greater recognition to a wider international market

Rbat (DOD, T) table in the discharging process is continually updated. Computers used to calculate the table in the load current and temperature conditions, when the voltage at the end of his mandate. The overall impedance of the battery with the battery charge and discharge cycles of aging and the increase. Impedance obtained by the formula

With feedback impedance of the battery, use read-only instructions of the program include memory (inthefirmware) algorithm simulation to determine the voltage remaining capacity (MR). simulation algorithm first calculates the present value SOCstart, then calculated the same load current, and value of SOC decrease in future as the battery voltage. Simulation of the battery voltage when VBAT (SOCI, T) of the voltage at the battery terminals (3.OV typical value), the acquisition and the voltage corresponding to values of SOC and scored Socfinal.

camcorder battery tips

People have always enjoyed taking photos. This first started with the ordinary camera. With the changing times, the camcorder is the most used for taking pictures that we cherish and keep. The digital camera or the camcorder as it is known, can take picture for hours without letting us miss any of the important events in a function. It can take still photos, audio and video images. All this needs enough power. This is provided by the powerful batteries that are used. A person can also carry these batteries which can be replaced if the first set of batteries runs out. This is possible because the batteries are light weight.

The advantages of these batteries are that it can take pictures for about eight to nine hours at a length. Today, the camcorder uses lithium batteries which are easily available. These lithium batteries increase the activeness of the camcorder.

The pictures taken nowadays are better than the earlier ones. This difference is due to the type of batteries used. The earlier models were heavy due to the size of the batteries and could not take pictures for a long time. This was because the batteries used were the Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) or the Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) Sony Digital Camera Battery such as sony NP-F550 battery, sony NP-FR1 battery, sony NP-FM50 battery, sony NP-FM51 battery, sony NP-F10 battery, sony NP-FE1 battery and sony DSC-T7 battery. With the advent of the Lithium ion (L-ion) batteries the camcorder has become more efficient.

The lithium ion batteries have made the camcorder lighter. The batteries are less bulky than the nickel Cadmium and Nickel Metal Hydride batteries. Their size is smaller and they also weigh less. Lithium batteries also give three times the voltage of the former two types of batteries. These batteries can be partially charged. They are not troubled by the 'memory effect'. This means that the batteries do not have to be continually completely discharged fully and then charged again, because of which the charging capacity used to be reduced. The lithium batteries do not require 'memory' and scheduled 'cycles' of charging to prolong their life. This advantage leads to low maintenance.

The camcorder is portable. The lithium ion batteries used in this are cobalt based. It consists of a cobalt oxide positive electrode (cathode) and a graphite carbon in the negative electrode (anode). This results in a long run time due to its high energy density. The lithium batteries have to be charged only according to the manufacturer's instructions. There is no other way to do it.

In the earlier models of batteries, some batteries may have a long run time but limited run cycles, another set of batteries may be durable but heavy, but the latest models are durable, having a high energy density, are lightweight, but are too expensive. The person in charge of selling the batteries will be able to give us the advantages of all these various types and give us the best for our camcorder.

The batteries for camcorders are manufactured by many companies. Some of them are: Sony, Panasonic, Canon, Duracell, Sharp, Hitachi etc. These batteries are of good quality, are durable and are very efficient. Now, online shopping has caught on with the customers. The choice of batteries, their features and their price can be immediately known and orders can be placed. Decide on which battery and which brand you want for your camcorder and continue to shoot pictures to keep your memories alive.

Battery Usage Tips

1. A new camcorder battery comes in a discharged condition and must be charged before use (refer to the devices manual for charging instructions). Upon initial use (or after a prolonged storage period) the digital camcorder battery may require three to four charge/discharge cycles before achieving maximum capacity.

2. When charging the camcorder battery for the first time the device may indicate that charging is complete after just 10 or 15 minutes. This is a normal phenomenon with rechargeable batteries. Remove the digital camcorder battery from the device, reinsert it and repeat the charging procedure.

3. It is important to condition (fully discharge and then fully charge) the camcorder battery every two to three weeks. Failure to do so may significantly shorten the battery's life (this does not apply to Li-Ion batteries, which do not require conditioning). To discharge, simply run the device under the digital camcorder battery's power until it shuts down or until you get a low battery warning. Then recharge the battery as instructed in the user's manual.

4. If the camcorder lithium ion batteries will not be in use for a month or longer, it is recommended that digital camcorder battery be removed from the device and stored in a cool, dry, clean place.

5. The milliamp-hour (mAh) rating of the Hi-CapacityT camcorder battery will often be higher than the one on the original battery. A higher mAh rating is indicative of a longer lasting (higher capacity) battery and will not cause any incompatibilities. A Hi-CapacityT digital camcorder battery will, in most cases, outperform the original by 30% to 50%.

6. New camcorder needs to be fully charged and discharged (cycled) a few times before it can condition to full capacity. Rechargeable batteries undergo self-discharging when left unused. Always store a digital camcorder in a fully charged staged for storage.

7. Don't short circuit terminal or store your digital camcorder with metal parts. Don't connect and disconnect the camcorder within a short interval to prevent irregular charging of the rechargeable battery.

8. It's okay to use different brands of digital camera batteries in the same device -- for example, Energizer, Duracell, and generic. Voltage is voltage, and the device neither knows nor cares that made the camera batteries you put in it. Remember, you can mix brands but not types

9. Camcorder Batteries self-discharge quicker when it's hot. They're fine at room temperature, but once it's over 90o or so, they'll start losing their charge faster. So don't leave digital camcorder in a hot car.

10. Don't overheat. Do not attempt to charge non-rechargeable batteries. This will overheat them and could cause a fire. Keep camcorder batteries out of hot places, like your car. Your car can be an oven, and baking your digital camcorder batteries shortens their life.

11. Store properly. Keep your camera batteries in a cool, dry place. The refrigerator is cool, but not dry. You could store your camera batteries in the refrigerator and maximize their life by using a silica gel to keep the batteries dry. This however, is an expensive and inconvenient option.

12. Don't short the connections. Keep your camcorder batteries organized. Don't let the ends touch the wrong thing or you'll short the digital camcorder battery.

13. Don't mix and match your camcorder. Use the same chemistry and brand. Never mix rechargeable and non-rechargeable batteries. That's very dangerous to you digital camcorder

14. Invest in a good charger for your camcorder. NiMH batteries should not be charged in a NiCad charger, unless the charger is specifically made for both chemistries. There are cheap chargers and there are expensive chargers. Make sure the charger you get has good reviews and is well made. Chargers with micro-controller chips are usually the best choice of your digital camcorder.

15. When charging your camcorder batteries occasionally discharge them fully before recharging them. This is especially helpful to NiCad batteries. Be careful not to discharge too deeply. (Less than 1v per cell for NiCad and NiMH. E.g., a 3.6v pack to no less than 3v.) Discharging to absolute zero will make your battery useless. It's best if you have a charger with a conditioner that will cycle the digital camera battery for you.

16. Be sure to store your camcorder batteries properly. Do not leave your batteries in a hot car, or in humid conditions. The best storage conditions are a cool, dry place. The refrigerator is fine if you stick in a packet of silica gel with your digital camera batteries in a sealed bag to keep them dry. It is a good idea to charge your NiCad or NiMH batteries fully before use if they have been in storage.

17. Many camcorder battery packs are made up of individual battery cells. When digital camcorder batteries are purchased to be made into a pack it is a good idea to equalize the charge on the batteries before building the pack.

18. Equalizing the camcorder batteries is nothing more than ensuring the voltage on each cell is within a very close range at the same state of charge (i.e. fully charged).If you do not equalize the batteries properly before building a pack, the charge and discharge cycles will be harder on some of the cells and will effectively shorten their life. Once a cell fails the entire digital camcorder pack will be weaker because of the one defunct cell.

19. The first way is to connect the set that will go in the camcorder pack in a parallel configuration. Leave them in this state for at least 24 hours. The cells that have a higher charge will charge the ones with a lower charge and digital camcorder will all equalize.

20. Camcorder Rechargeable batteries have been around for quite a while, and if you have been around for a while too you probably remember all the trouble with digital camcorder rechargeable batteries when the NiCad (Nickel Cadmium) rechargeable batteries first came out. There were major problems with memory effect and poor performance and most consumers gave up on using them before the technology had much of a chance to improve.

Digital battery

1 Introduction As people's living standards improved, rechargeable batteries, especially large current batteries (lead-acid batteries, nickel cadmium and nickel-metal hydride battery) in the power sector, railways, the military has achieved an increasing number of applications, however, battery can be No reliable electricity, and achieve the required plant life, with the battery charge-discharge routine maintenance and management correct or not is closely related. As is now widely used batteries are not with intelligent detection devices, that is, digital batteries, so battery charge and discharge current size, the size of the terminal voltage, charge and discharge time, charge and discharge frequency, charge-discharge capacity, remaining capacity, battery internal temperature and life and other basic parameters, can only rely on manual measurements or roughly estimated that the event of errors, will be our normal production and lives of unpredictable consequences, as well as the electrical performance and life of battery and causing irreparable damage.

With the development of microprocessor technology, mobile electronic devices function on its own in terms of developing very fast, at present the vast majority of digital, intelligent, internal control circuit more or less completed by the CPU chip. But it is part of the power supply is extremely primitive, under normal circumstances is only one Asus Laptop Battery such as Asus A42-A3 Battery of the DC to the electronic equipment, while the battery's own characteristics, status and other parameters are unable to provide electronic devices that can not be related to the electronic equipment data communications. This intelligent electronic devices increase, bringing new problems.

If the battery of various state parameters can be stored by the microprocessor, recording, analysis, control, printing and display, intuitive to provide to the relevant personnel, and to achieve and related electronic equipment for data communications, that is, digital technology, which not only can to reduce human error and extend battery life, but also be able to achieve related to intelligent control and electronic equipment unattended. Therefore, the battery of digital research and development is a significant issue.

2 The concept of Digital Camera Battery

The exact definition of the digital battery is still not harmonized. This concept comes from the rapid development of information industry, which mainly come from the world's leading notebook computer design, production and suppliers. In practice, once the battery is dead when the key is bound to produce unpredictable losses, digital camera batteries idea is put forward in this case, with it, we will be able to grasp the battery status of work on the can be prepared in advance and timely replacement. The working conditions are talking about here should include the following aspects:

(1) the current size of the battery terminal voltage, charge and discharge current size, charge and discharge time;

(2) Current battery impedance, remaining capacity, the remaining charge and discharge time, the battery temperature;

(3) the current battery charge and discharge times, life.

In the actual development, the researchers found that only about the work of the battery status and does not meet our battery requirements, also need batteries to electronic devices and related data transmission, in order to achieve the battery switch, automatic battery charging and so on.

Clear from the foregoing: the so-called digital battery, which contains an ordinary rechargeable Canon Digital Camera Battery such as canon NB-1L battery, canon NB-2L battery, canon BP-511 battery, canon NB-5L battery, canon NB-4L battery, canon NB-5H battery, a digital battery control module, as well as the communication interface, complete the battery of the digital measurement and control management and data communication capabilities. In addition to the above-mentioned working conditions in digital form accurate visual display (or provide), but also to provide background information and identity of the battery data (such as battery manufacture date, manufacturer data, etc.); in the process of charging with the corresponding alarm protection measures (such as over-voltage protection, over-temperature alarm, etc.); same time, it should be consistent with some kind of communication protocols (such as system management bus, SMBus), has the host, intelligent charge controller such as communications interfaces, capable of information transmission and control. Schematic diagram of digital batteries are as follows:

Schematic diagram of the digital battery.

3 Digital value of the battery status and development

Digital battery first started to develop from abroad. As early as 1995, the U.S. military have been digitized battery equipped troops, but these batteries are not highly digitized, versatility is not strong. According to online information-gathering that is limited, and foreign research and development of digital batteries by rechargeable batteries, control modules, of which control module of the software components should be consistent with the specific communication protocol. Posed by the digital battery digital battery system hardware includes: System console, digital battery (which can be one, it can be a number of pieces), intelligent charge controllers, AC / DC converter and transmit data bus network. Software, including the transmission of data communication protocols, data processing platforms and embedded operating system and the corresponding procedures. There are many foreign companies and enterprises to participate in research and development of digital battery, Intel Corporation and co-production of digital Duracell batteries, this product called PowerSmart, in line with SBS (Smart Battery System) standard. Motorola is also developing be broad user acceptance of digital batteries. Germany's giant Varta batteries and Duracell companies are developing a new generation of digital batteries, this battery will soon be available.

From the battery industry in the tenth Five-Year Plan was informed that the United States, Japan and Europe accounted for 70% of the global battery market. Consumption of the battery, the United States per capita reached 25 / person; Japan's annual per capita reached 20 / person. While China's annual per capita consumption of less than 7 cells. Therefore, the battery in China, a great market. China's battery industry focused on the mercury-free alkaline manganese batteries, Ni-MH power batteries, lithium-ion batteries, sealed maintenance-free lead-acid batteries, vehicle power batteries, fuel cells, solar cells in the development and production. In the army, the secondary battery, such as cadmium, nickel, nickel-hydrogen battery in a large number of equipment use, military research and development of lithium-ion batteries are also soon will be equipped with troops in the next period of time, there will be three kinds of batteries coexistence phenomenon.Therefore, secondary batteries in our digital, has great space for development. Meanwhile, the secondary battery digitized, people using battery-powered digital time, and will not in the normal work of a sudden power- down and affecting their work and a certain amount of loss; can be more scientific and reasonable or that the use of batteries, the battery will not be over-discharge and over-charge, can effectively extend battery life; accurately display battery data and provide data to the host can be an effective state of the battery each corresponding control and processing; on the battery aging will also be the final warning prompt ; Therefore, the corresponding cells have a breaking capacity of Jane; constitutes a digital cell system can be used to remotely monitor the battery and the use of reliable data for efficient energy management. Thus, digital battery also has a high application value.

Apple iphone get big box of efficiency and features

Apple mobile phone range is not very big. In fact, it is very little and just comprises iphone.Apple A1185 Battery, Apple M9324 Battery Despite being short does not mean that it is less capable. We tell you that this mobile phone range is one of the finest mobile phone collections and not a single user can complaint of not being catered in an efficient manner. In case, you are a kind of buyer who want own a best device from reliable manufacturer then have a look at apple mobile phone range. If you do not know then we tell that apple is one of the famous makers that offers some great devices at frequent intervals.

You will feel delighted to know that cheap iphone deals are best plans to get any of the apple devices at affordable price.
Apple A1012 Battery, Apple M8511 BatteryThe best scheme from such plans is contract. It lasts for 12-14 months and does not demand a single penny or frequent visits to market to keep handset working. Moreover, all the deals and handsets from apple are easily available in market and you do not need to stray store to store.

If you are a kind of person who want enjoy I phone deals at affordable price with convenience then take help from online portals. We inform that dealing with websites is a wise decision as you do not need to come out of home for a single task as well as enjoy delivery or ordered product at doorstep as soon as possible.Apple M8244 Battery, Apple A1079 Battery Before going for online dealing, you must know that websites might demand some of your personal information and history of bank records. Do not worry about such practice as they just want confirm that you are a genuine reach and not playing any kind of prank.

Do not worry about anything as none of the websites misuse or leak your information in anyway. , The best part of online dealing is you do not meet any kind of hindrance throughtout the process. In case, you meet any doubt or confusion then then do not panic, just register complaint to their trained and experienced executives. On your request, their teams take immediate action and resolve as soon as possible

Acer Notebook Battery

Acer Notebook Battery

The number of laptop computers that are being sold all over the world in increasing rapidly because of the great advantages that they offer. With the help of these small computers, people can do to their work even when they are traveling. They are small, lightweight and powerful so it is the perfect companion for numerous people. When buying such a device, we must know the things we will do with it. Knowing its purpose is a must in order to buy the device that is perfect for you. In stores, buyers have the possibility to choose one of the many laptop computers. There we can find a large number of devices that have different characteristics and that are made by numerous manufacturers. Acer is a laptop computer manufacturer that is extremely popular because of its high quality products. Acer manages to satisfy the needs of numerous people with its devices and that’s why, their laptops are one of the most bought in the world. Their devices can be purchased from many stores that can be found in every city and they can also be purchased from the Internet too.

The Internet is the best place where people can find all the things that they want and it is also a place where people can buy different products like mobile phones and laptop computers. Nowadays, laptops are becoming more and more popular among many people and the number of the devices that are being bought every day is increasing. When buying such a device, people pay attention at many important things like built quality, specifications and battery such as Acer Aspire 1680 Battery, Acer Aspire 1410 Battery, Acer TravelMate 4500 Battery, Acer LCBTP03003 Battery, Acer Aspire 1300 Battery, Acer BTP-APJ1 Battery, Acer BTP-AQJ1 Battery, Acer BTP-ARJ1 Battery, Acer BATCL32 battery, Acer BATCL32L battery, Acer Aspire 2000 battery, Acer Aspire 2016 battery, Acer Aspire 2200 battery and Acer BATBL50L6 battery. The battery is very important because many laptops have different types of batteries and buying one that has a low battery life isn’t recommended.

The Acer notebook battery is a good quality and long lasting one. Most of the batteries from Acer notebooks are 6-cell ones. Having a 6-cell battery means that the battery life is high. Most of Acer notebooks have a life battery of 3 or 4 hours but we can find some that can even last 5 hours without recharging depending on the device. As I said above, the Acer notebook battery is a good and reliable one that many people choose because of its high life time.

Besides the battery, when buying a laptop computer, people pay attention at its specifications and features. The specifications are very important because it must be powerful in order to work in different applications that demand a high memory. Having a fast and long lasting laptop computer is a must for many people throw out the world because only with its help you are able to do your work in a fast and efficient way.

All in all, besides the Acer notebook battery, people look at the laptops specifications, features and built quality because these are extremely important for them and buying the device that is has the desired characteristics is a must in order to do your work fast and efficient not mattering where you are.

A Better Gauge on Battery Life

Texas Instruments (TI), based in Dallas, has developed a battery-gauge chip that can tell mobile-phone users down to the minute how much talking or standby time they have left--a degree of accuracy much greater than that provided by existing battery gauges. Such a precise gauge could allow smart-phone developers to squeeze more energy out of the battery, potentially increasing by half or more the amount of time that it lasts between charges.

The new TI gauge is more accurate than today's gauges, which measure a battery's voltage, because it measures a number of electrical properties. Voltage-only-based gauges are erratic and unreliable because voltage doesn't fall steadily as the battery is discharged. What's more, the voltage changes as the battery ages and experiences different temperatures. It also varies with different power demands on the battery such as Acer TravelMate 290 Battery, Acer TravelMate 4000 Battery, Acer TravelMate 2300 Battery, Acer Aspire 1680 Battery, Acer Aspire 1410 Battery, Acer TravelMate 4500 Battery, Acer LCBTP03003 Battery, Acer Aspire 1300 Battery, Acer BTP-APJ1 Battery, Acer BTP-AQJ1 Battery, Acer BTP-ARJ1 Battery, Acer BATCL32 battery and Acer BATCL32L battery.

The TI gauge is more accurate--to within 1 percent of the actual energy left in the battery--because it measures electrical properties besides voltage. Most important, it measures a feature of battery cells that is at the root of the voltage changes that make today's gauges unreliable. This feature, called impedance, is a measure of the opposition to current flow, and it changes with temperature, battery age, and the power demands on a battery.

Knowing the changes in impedance allows the chip to reinterpret voltage changes, keeping it from being fooled by voltage changes caused by these factors. For example, when a person makes a call, the voltage drops as soon as the phone transmits the signal. A conventional gauge would interpret this as a sudden drop in the amount of energy left in the battery, which could engage battery-saving measures in power-management software. The new gauge would recognize that the cell still has plenty of energy. The approach also works with low voltages caused by cell age.

The new gauge chip, which is incorporated either into the circuit boards of a phone or directly into a battery pack, could be particularly useful in smart phones. Some phone users have to assume that after the gauge has reached the halfway point, the battery could die at any moment. What's more, poor battery gauges make it difficult to employ power-management software on phones that could extend battery capacity. Power-management software slows down processors, turns off the camera's flash, and dims the screen to save the battery once it's low. It may also save data and shut down applications just before the battery dies. Such software, however, may engage power-saving measures too soon if it relies on an inaccurate battery gauge, resulting in sluggish device performance while there is still plenty of charge.

The problem gets worse as the battery ages and, as the battery is depleted, voltage drops more quickly. With conventional gauges, this could trigger the phone to shut down when there is still quite a bit of energy left. Indeed, much of the perceived loss in battery life in older phones is actually just a problem with the battery gauge. "You can lose 30 percent of the energy in a battery simply because the device shuts itself down too early," says Richard DelRossi, an engineer at TI. He says that the new, more accurate battery gauge could increase the usable battery capacity by as much as 50 to 100 percent, depending on the power-management strategy.

Other phone and chip makers are also developing better battery gauges. Approaches taken by Motorola, based in Schaumburg, IL, and PowerPrecise, a chip maker based in Herndon, VA, that's funded by Intel, combine voltage data with current measurements to determine how much energy has been used. Subtracting the amount of energy used can give a good idea of how much is left, as long as it's known how much energy was there to start with. But the capacity of the battery, as with the voltage, depends on certain conditions, such as temperature, battery age, and power demand. To adjust for these factors, these systems can refer to models of battery behavior based on earlier tests to guess how these conditions will affect the battery's overall capacity. Such a system gives a much more accurate gauge of battery charge than do voltage measurements alone, says Jerry Hallmark, who heads Motorola's research on energy consumption in mobile devices.

Acer 5551 Computer

The Aspire 5551 is an Acer notebook series. The Aspire 5551 is part of the forth line (5xxx) released within the Aspire series. The Aspire 5xxx line includes beside the Aspire 5551, several other Aspire notebook, such as Aspire 5745, Aspire 5741, Aspire 5553, Aspire 5532, Aspire 5534, Aspire 5535, Aspire 5536, Aspire 5332, Aspire 5738Z 3D, Aspire 5542, Aspire 5738PG Touch, Aspire 5739, Aspire 5740, Aspire 5738, Aspire 5738Z, Aspire 5410, Aspire 5538, Aspire Timeline 5810T, Aspire 5940G.

Furthermore, Aspire 5551 is not the direct successor of any previous Acer products, but can be considered a technological upgrade of Aspire 5542. Although it was not developed as a back-to-back product, the Aspire 5551 was a stand-alone product, since Acer delivered the Aspire 5551 notebooks within a single configuration. However, Acer offered users the possibility of self-configure their Aspire 5551. The Aspire 5551 was succeeded (from the technological point of view) by its direct successors, also part of the Aspire 5xxx line (from the Europe region Acer portfolio). The Aspire 5551 series included the main features of the Aspire notebook series, such as Acer Crystalbrite, Acer Quickcharge, Acer Signal-up, Acer Gridvista, Acer Dasp+, Acer Video Conference, and Acer TPM.

However, hardware features, including the processor, the system memory, the display, the operating system, and even hard disk capacity, were strictly depending upon the configurations available within the Aspire 5551 series. The Aspire 5551 was conventionally linked by Acer with the statement excellent blend of power, size, connectivity and usabililty. Acer marketed the Aspire 5551 series by using within the marketing campaign its key features: The Aspire 5551 provides an excellent blend of power, size, connectivity and usabililty. AMD multi-core processing lets you multitask with gusto, while high-performance graphics provide impressive multimedia on the crisp 15.6" screen. To top it off, smart design features put you in comfortable control. Several hardware and software specifications, such as processor, hard drive, graphic adapter, main memory, and operating system were configurable, but available on specific regions (North and South America, Europe, Middle East, South Africa, and Asia-Pacific region) and were not available as configurable features worldwide.

The Aspire is Acer’s laptop series designed for everyday consumer. Acer currently markets the Aspire line as brilliant multimedia and outstanding computing. The Aspire series includes several notebooks with different design, performance and functionality.

Most Aspire notebooks have an entry-level configuration, while only a few of them have full-fledge media center configurations. Acer developed the Aspire series in order to cover from essentials to high performances. The Aspire series is aimed at the casual household user or for small business use. The Aspire series covers both desktop computers and laptops. Depending on the location the Aspire laptops can included different configurations. These configurations are strictly available on specific regions (North and South America, Europe, Middle East, South Africa, and Asia-Pacific region) and are not available worldwide.

The Aspire 5551 series was developed and released within the Aspire 5xxx series. The Aspire 5551 was delivered with AMD multi-core processors, 15.6" CineCrystal display, and offered at an affordable price. Based on Principled Technologies' benchmark testing, using Bapco's MobileMark 2007 Productivity test, battery (such as Acer TravelMate 290 Battery, Acer TravelMate 4000 Battery, Acer TravelMate 2300 Battery, Acer Aspire 1680 Battery, Acer Aspire 1410 Battery, Acer TravelMate 4500 Battery, Acer LCBTP03003 Battery, Acer Aspire 1300 Battery, Acer BTP-APJ1 Battery, Acer BTP-AQJ1 Battery, Acer BTP-ARJ1 Battery, Acer BATCL32 battery, Acer BATCL32L battery, Acer Aspire 2000 battery, Acer Aspire 2016 battery, Acer Aspire 2200 battery and Acer BATBL50L6 battery ) life varies depending on product specifications, computer settings, and applications or features launched, and may be reduced if Windows Aero is enabled. The marketing campaign used for the Aspire 5551 included several of its benefits.

Outstanding multitasking: Sporting an environmentally friendly, mercury-free 15.6" widescreen display, the Aspire 5551 delivers ultra-clear text and splendid multimedia visuals. A blazing new AMD Phenom triple-core processor and integrated graphics solution, or optional ATI Radeon HD graphics card deliver the VISION - Ultimate experience: productivity applications run faster, and games and multimedia play back with smooth, lifelike realism. What's more, a large-capacity hard disk drive provides generous storage for all of your files.

Solid modern design: The Aspire 5551 is both cool-looking and practical. Available in black or silver, the unique mesh-patterned exterior is not only visually appealing but also protects against smudges and scratches. Also featured is a full-size Acer FineTip keyboard with numeric keypad and large keys for comfortable typing, along with a multi-gesture touchpad that lets you easily scroll, pinch, rotate and flip through web pages, files and images.

On-the-go freedom: Stay connected via the latest communication technologies, including Acer Video Conference featuring the Acer Crystal Eye webcam for quality video chats. The Aspire 5551's Wi-Fi CERTIFIED network connection lets you get online from any hotspot. In addition, Bluetooth connectivity makes sharing files super fast and easy.

Multimedia delight: Your favorite fun comes to life on the Aspire 5551! A cinematic 16:9 aspect ratio and 8 ms response present sharp, bright visuals on the Acer CineCrystal™ LED-backlit display. What's more, a Blu-ray Disc drive (optional) showcases the ultimate in high-definition audio-visual quality for amazing movies. And, the icing on the cake is an HDMI™ port for hooking up to TVs and projectors in full HD for awesome theater-style entertainment.

Several hardware and software specifications, such as processor, hard drive, graphic adapter, main memory, and operating system were configurable, but available on specific regions (North and South America, Europe, Middle East, South Africa, and Asia-Pacific region) and were not available as configurable features worldwide.

Acer delivered the Aspire 5551 notebooks with either Genuine Windows 7 Home Premium, or Genuine Windows 7 Home Basic, depending upon the rest of the hardware specification, including the processor, random access memory, and hard drive.

The Aspire 5551 laptops were delivered with the AMD M880G Chipset, although there were four different processors available within the optional list,including the AMD Phenom II triple-core mobile processor N830 (1.5 MB L2 cache, 2.10 GHz, 1333 MHz FSB, 35 W), AMD Turion II dual-core mobile processor P520/N530 (2 MB L2 cache, 2.30/2.50 GHz, 1066 MHz FSB, 25/35 W), AMD Athlon II dual-core processor P320/N330 (1 MB L2 cache, 2.10/2.30 GHz, 1066 MHz FSB, 25/35 W).

Acer developed the Aspire 5551 series with dual-channel DDR3 SDRAM support. Moreover, the Aspire 5553 notebooks were delivered in standard with either 4 GB of DDR3 1066 MHz memory, upgradable to 8 GB using two soDIMM modules, or with 4 GB of DDR3 1066 MHz memory, upgradable to 12 GB using three soDIMM modules.

Acer included within the Aspire 5551 series either the 4X Blu-ray Disc/DVD-Super Multi double-layer drive, or 8X DVD-Super Multi double-layer drive.

The Aspire 5551 laptops included either 160/250/320/500/640 GB or larger hard disk drive, but also the Multi-in-1 card reader, supporting Secure Digital (SD) Card, MultiMediaCard (MMC), Memory Stick (MS), Memory Stick PRO (MS PRO), xD-Picture Card (xD)

Within the hardware specifications, Acer allowed only one display size, 15.6" HD 1366 x 768 pixel resolution 16:9 aspect ratio, high-brightness (200-nit) Acer CineCrystal LED-backlit TFT LCD, supporting simultaneous multi-window viewing, developed in super-slim design, mercury free and environmental friendly. By using either the ATI Radeon HD 4250 Graphics with 256 MB of dedicated system memory, supporting Unified Video Decoder 2 (UVD2), OpenGL 2.0, OpenEXR High Dynamic-Range (HDR) technology, Shader Model 4.0, Microsoft DirectX 10.1. Acer enabled better external video resolutions, with a maximum external video resolution of 2,048 x 1,536 pixels, at 16.7 million colors, and non-interlaced resolution with max. refresh rate: 1,280 x 1,024.

Acer developed the Aspire 5551 series with two built-in Acer 3DSonic stereo speakers, featuring high-definition audio support, MS-Sound compatible, and built-in microphone.

While the wired connections were represented by LAN with Gigabit Ethernet, Wake-on-LAN ready.

Acer delivered the Aspire 5551 series with a medium range of interface ports: including Multi-in-1 card reader (SD, MMC, MS, MS PRO, xD), 3x USB 2.0 ports, HDMI port with HDCP support, 1x external display (VGA) port, 1x Headphone/speaker/line-out jack, 1x Microphone-in jack, 1x Ethernet (RJ-45) port, 1x DC-in jack for AC adapter.

With a width of 381 mm, length of 253 mm, and a varying height from the lowest 25 mm (front side) to the highest 34 mm (back side), the Aspire 5553 series has a standard starting weight of 2.6 kg (5.74 lbs.) depending on configuration (with integrated AC adapter). Because of the physical dimensions, Acer included within the Aspire 5553 series the 103-/104-/107-key Acer FineTip keyboard with independent standard numeric keypad, international language support, Touchpad: Multi-gesture touchpad, supporting two-finger scroll, pinch, rotate, flip, Media keys: Media control keys (printed on keyboard): play/pause, stop, previous, next, volume up, volume down, Control key: PowerSmart key/Acer programmable key.

Moreover, Acer included within the Aspire laptop the following software applications:

Productivity: Acer Backup Manager, Acer ePower Management, Acer eRecovery Management, Adobe Flash Player 10, Adobe Reader 9.1, eSobi, Google Setup, Google Toolbar, Microsoft Office Personal 2007 (Service Pack 2)1 (Japan only, subject to customer request), Microsoft Office Trial1 (Service Pack 2), Microsoft Works SE 91 (Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Poland, Russia, UK and US only), Microsoft Works 9, Microsoft Works 8.5, Norton Online Backup.

Security: McAfee Internet Security Suite Trial, McAfee Virus Definitions, MyWinLocker (except China, Hong Kong).

Multimedia: Cyberlink PowerDVD, NTI Media Maker.

Gaming: Oberon GameZone Acer Edition (except US, Canada, Hong Kong, Korea), WildTangent Acer Edition (US, Canada only).

The Aspire 5551 notebooks were delivered with one-year parts and labor limited warranty with concurrent International Traveler’s Warranty. From the technological point of view, the Aspire 5551 was succeeded by the other Aspire 5xxx products, which currently includes the following Aspire models, such as Aspire 5745, Aspire 5741, Aspire 5553, Aspire 5532, Aspire 5534, Aspire 5535, Aspire 5536, Aspire 5332, Aspire 5738Z 3D, Aspire 5542, Aspire 5738PG Touch, Aspire 5739, Aspire 5740, Aspire 5738, Aspire 5738Z, Aspire 5410, Aspire 5538, Aspire Timeline 5810T, Aspire 5940G.

The Aspire 5551 series was compatible with a wide range of accessories offered by Acer in different categories, including power adapters, batteries, cables and adapters, Docks & Port Replicator (Port Replicator, EasyPort IV, Easy Dock), Computer Cases (Acer Notebook, Carry bags, Sleeves and Cases, Nylon Cases, Koskin Cases, Slip Case Prestige Line, Entry Level Case Prestige Line, Midrange Case, Prestige Line, Executive Case Prestige Line, Backpack Prestige Line, Mid Trolley Prestige Line, Trolley Case Prestige Line, Slip Case Smart Line, Executive Case Smart Line, Backpack Smart Line, Messenger Case Smart Line, Hardshell Portfolio Case, Warranty Bundle Case, Neo-Preen Case), Card, Mouse, or External Drives.